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Urease activity was first identified in 1876 by Frédéric Alphonse Musculus as a soluble ferment.cite-ref-4[4] In 1926, James B. Sumner, showed that urease is a protein by examining its crystallized form.cite-ref-karplus-5-0[5] Sumner's work was the first demonstration that a protein can function as an enzyme and led eventually to the recognition that most enzymes are in fact proteins. Urease was the first enzyme crystallized. For this work, Sumner was awarded the Nobel prize in chemistry in 1946.cite-ref-6[6] The crystal structure of urease was first solved by P. A. Karplus in 1995.cite-ref-karplus-5-1[5]

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